What is an Anxiety Disorder?

An anxiety disorder is characterized by a debilitating fear and worry. It can be a specific phobia, social anxiety, separation anxiety, or a general anxiety disorder, which is manifest by constantly worrying about lots of things. These forms of anxiety can cause headaches or stomach aches, or the child may become so overwhelmed that she isolates herself or acts out in frustration. Extreme anxiety can even lead to panic disorder, which is a sudden, intense episode of anxiety that can cause hyperventilating and a pounding heartbeat.

While some worry is necessary to keep kids alert to actual danger, and all children experience nerves from time to time, children with special needs often struggle with unnecessary anxiety that makes it difficult for them to function in school and in the community. A therapist or medical professional, such as a Child Psychiatrist, is vital to help with proper diagnosis and treatment. A professional can help you understand what’s really going on with your child, what’s provoking the behavior, and can give the child tools to deal with anxiety and prevent severe outbursts.

How to Help Special Needs’ Children with Anxiety Disorders

Pay attention to your child’s feelings. When your child becomes overly anxious, it can help to have an action plan of positive steps to prevent the anxiety from escalating.

Stay Calm

​Stop what you are doing and take a few deep breaths with your child. You can’t calm an anxious child if you are anxious yourself.

Empathize

Don’t dismiss your child’s feelings, or say he is anxious over nothing. Assure your child that his feelings are valid, and you will help him work through them. Convey confidence in the child's ability to handle his worries.

Praise

Once your child calms down, give praise for successfully managing the anxiety. Encourage and reward your child for his effort in monitoring his behaviors.

Plan for transitions

Any transition is difficult for a special needs child, so try to maintain a normal routine whenever possible. When the routine will be disrupted, give the child plenty of time and support to prepare in advance, both mentally and physically.

A professional therapist or psychiatrist might also recommend medication to help your child manage their anxiety. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, a specific professional technique can also be used to help children with anxiety.

While the disruptive behavior of an extremely anxious child is upsetting for everyone, anxiety disorders in special needs children can be managed, with some empathy and professional help.